Secondary battery.



H. F. JOEL.

l SECONDARY BATTERY. APPLIOATION FILED 001211, 1907.

HENRY 'FRANCIS JOEL, OF FOREST GATE, ENGLi` ND.

SECONDARY BATTERY.

Specification of Letters ?a,tent.

Patented March 23, 1908.

Application filed October 11, 1907. Serial No. 396.999.

To all whom it may fof/wem:

'I Be it known that l, HENRY Finnois Joni., a subject ot the King of Great Britain7 residing at Forest (tate. in the county of Essex. in England. have invented certain new and useful Improvenients in Secondary Batteries, of whieh the t'ollowiug is a speeitioation.

vMy invention relates to im )rovements in the eonstruetion ot serondary` atteries, plating baths and the like in which positive and negative elements are employed immersed in aeidulated liquid the whole being contained in an outside reeeptaele to form a eomplete eell: and the objeets of -my improvements are.. first. to produce an automatie and oonvtinuous eireulation otl the eleetrolyte; seeoud. to remove any7 gases clinging to the sur* 'fares ot the electrodes; .and third. to bring all the dense eleetrolyte from the bottom ot' the eell into aetive eireulation. l lattain these objects by the meehanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing. in whieh:-

Figure l. is a `side elevation ot' a eell partly in section Ishowingan electrode with tapered channels formed by inclined se )arating strips. Fig. 2, is an end section. an( Fig. 3. a horizontal seetiou ot l? ig. l. F ig. 4.sl1ows an electrode with tapered ehannels formed by transversely7 tapering electrodes. Fig. 5. a vertical section ot' Fig. 4. and Fig. tl. shows an electrode having a secondary tapering channel within the first.

Similar letters reter to similai throughout the several views.

By providing channels between the eleetrodes which taper ott toward their top ends the gas evolved t'rom the taees ot' the ele-el'rodes. gathering volume as it reaches the narrowed outlets ot the channels. draws up the liquid eleetrolvte and 4torees it over the top ofthe eleetrode to tall again to the hottoni on the outside. the dense eleetrolyte at the bottom is thus utilized to take the plaee oit that drawn up; special members extend ing downwardly from the electrodes whieh hereinaliter I call leaders are used to direet the t'resh eleetrolytetoward the openings` between the electrodes.

Figs. '1. 2. and 3 show a eell eontaining a positive electrode l" plaeed renti-all;rv ot' two negative. electrodes N. N. all the eleetrodes are'parallel flat plates and they are kept insulated trom eaeh other by parallel strips S2, which latter are held slanting in regard t0 each other so as to form a tapering Chanparts nel t'roni the inlet l to the outlet t); incidentali;v the reversely tapered adjoining ehannelsma)v be formed by tho end=separat ing strips rif and their widths may be so proportioned that the flow ot' liquids is approximately equal in volume and speed over the whole surtaees ot the electrodes at or about an equal density and an equal electro-ehemieal aetion is thus obtained with more etlieient and eonstant results and with greater durability ot' the eleetrodes. The. dotted lines show these separators inclined iu the reverse direrlion between the adjacent pairs ot' electrodes and the'ari'ows indieate the eireulation.. 'lhe eentral ehanuel is extended downward below the bottom ot' the elet-- trodes by'leaders l, fitted to the separators S2, S2 in the, Jro1-1n ot' a tapered box without top or bottom: by this means the dense electrolyte in'uuediately adjoining they bottoni is introdueed into the tapered ehannel and rises to the top.

In Figs. 4 and 5, a plate separator is shown and it will be kept Central ol" the tapering electrodes l) and N by parallel ridges R, R, thereon Jforming in a similar way transversely tapered channels having inlets l, l at the bottom and smaller outlets t). (l at the top: the extension leader l. is provided to bring up the dense eleetrolyte from the bottom. Instead ot' the plate separator and ridges on the eleetrodes. tapered Strip separators ma)v equallv well be employeddu this ease. The elastic band by whieh llal plates are usually secured together will serve to keep them in place. The salue el`- feet may be produeed b v a tapered eeutral positive eleetrode and two parallel negative eleetrm'les` one` on either side ot the eeutral one with separat-ing strips between them.

Fig. l. is a sectional elevation showing tubular duets or channels formed on the surtaees ot the eleetrodes by two pairs` ot' ridges or separators S, S2, and so arranged that the outlet t). o'li the Central inelosed Channel ll. is lowenthan the outlet 01. at the top of the inelosed tubular channel E. which beeomes a leader L. from the bottom to near the top ol: the eell,

The eireulation of the eleetrolyte through the extension leader L. the inlets l, and up and through theY tapered spawn-or channel E. is aided by the aetion ot' the gases rising through and up the adjoining out-lets O1. ot' the tubular inelosures E1 as indicated by the arrows. and the action of the gases in l (it) rising up 'and 'through the lower Outlets'O, ofthelnelosed channel Eby accumulation and ebullitio'n at that contracted part ot the channel forces a current from the outlet O1' and its continuation in turn induces a eurrent through the outlets O, and up the inclosed duets El. The separators S2, and inclosed leader L. shown at Fig". 6, are by preference made in one piece, which is de- .tac-halide and can he tixed in position by This is E a convenient arrangeimait to appl)7 between any two plates ot' a donblc or multiple plate. 5

tiexible banda as bet'ore described.

, plating processes. ,I

l am a are that prior to my invention secondari' batteries have been made with vertical channelsI between the electrodes, or between the electrodes and a'separating device: l bination broadlyq but ll'hat lA claim as my invent-ion and desire to secure b v Letters latent... is1

l. ln a device ot' the class described. the combination with the positive electrode. of

a negative electrtale, and insnlatin` means introdnct-sd between them, forming tapered channels connecting the dense portions of the electrolyte in the lower part ot' the cell with the dense portionsl in the upper part. ot t the cell, said insulating.; means being .separated at their bases trom the base of the cell to permit a direct passage of the dense electherefore do not' claim sneh a eomwhich two are inclined to each other .so as tol trolyte at the base of the cell int-o the channel. wherebv gas evolved by the electric current in rising through the narrowed outlet.`y will draw the denseielectrolyte up the channel.

2. in a device ot' the class described and in comliinaticn, a tlat positive electrode, a

liat plate neg-attive electrode and insalatii'ie strips sepai'atinp` the electrodes ol which two are inclined to each other. so as to torni inclosed tapered channels having their bases .st-iparated Ytrom the. base ot' the cell to permit a direct passage o'l. the dense electrolyte at the base ot' the cell into the. channel.

Il. ln a device ot' the class described, the

` combination with the positive. electrode, ot a negative electrode. ii'istilating means injtrodnecd between them forming` togretlier with the electrodes inelosed tapered channels. and a box like extension open at the top l aml bottom extending; downwardly below the level ot the electrodes, substantiall)vv as and tor the purpose .set toi-th.

, l. ln a device ot the clase described, and in combination, a tlat. plate positive. elec.- t-rotle. a tiat plate negative electrode. insulat-ine strips separating the electrodesI ot' torni inclosed tapered channels exteinlin;

t'rom the bottoni to the top of the cell` and box-like extensions open at the top and at the bottom attached to downward extensions ol the separating' strips` siibstant'iall)r as described herein.l and ft'or the purpose set t'orth.

ln testimony whereof l. attix my sigznature in presence. ot two witnesses.

HENRY FRANC S JOEL. llfitnesses ll. l). Jameson', l". L. RAND.

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